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Updated: 28 Mar 05
Linguists
Electronic Support Measures :: Boozer
Boozer was a simple radar warning receiver. It displayed simply that an aircraft was held in a radar beam generated by an enemy fighter or ground radar station.
Active Electronic Countermeasures :: ABC
ABC stood for Airborne Cigar and was a development of Ground Cigar, a barrage jamming site at Sizewell which denied German night fighters VHF RT frequencies from 30 Jul 1943. Ground Cigar's coverage was not widespread enough due to VHF line of sight. ABC was therefore fitted to 101 Sqn aircraft to protect the main stream bomber force. ABC-equipped bombers were placed at intervals among the bomber stream to protect the entire package during any raid.
ABC equipped Lancaster were equipped by an extra crew member, a Special Operator, whose job it was to identify and jam any VHF transmission presenting a threat to the bomber stream. The ABC equipment plus operator reduced the payload by 1000 lbs. Aircraft were equpped with three antennae approximately 7 ft long, two dorsally mounted on the spine and one on the nose. The operators were not necessarily linguists but need only recognise the fact that German GCI were sending directions to Luftwaffe interceptors.
Active Electronic Countermeasures :: Radar Jamming :: ASPIRIN
British attempts to corrupt the German Luftwaffe KNICKEBEIN radio signal, which directed bomber formations to their target, were assisted by an 'ASPIRIN' transmitter set up at Holton le Moor, near Caistor.
Active Electronic Countermeasures :: Benito
Benito was a system of fighter control relying on the reception and transmission of an audio tone by each individual fighter. It was first observed in Jan 1944 and 6 RAF aircraft were fitted with an extra modulator for the ABC kit to jam Benito UHF channels, rebroadcasting the audio tones to confuse its ranging through spurious signals. This Benito counter found wide application with 101 Sqn and 100 Gp.
Passive Electronic Countermeasures :: Window
As far as my so-far limited research indicates, Window was first used on 24 Jul 1943 during Bomber Command's Battle of Hamburg.
Window consisted of small strips of black paper measuring 27 cm by 2 cm, coated on one side with aluminium foil. The intention was to jam victim radar by saturating the radar screen of the operator with false returns from thousands of additional radar dipoles. In simpler terms, the strips of metal reflected the radar signal and confused the German defences as to the aircraft location and numbers.
Radio Direction Finding :: Monica
Monica was a Radio Direction Finding (RDF) warning device fitted in the tails of Lancaster including 3 aircraft from 101 Sqn from Jul 1943. Later in the year Monica was withdrawn when it became clear that enemy night fighters could home on the signal it generated, effectively finding bombers without having to employ their own AI radar and give away their position or presence.
Radio Direction Finding and RADAR
Royal Air Force Intelligence
Within Bomber Command's Base structure there was a Base Intelligence Officer, probably a Sqn Ldr, whose section was situated near the Ops Block. His primary job was to provide the Base Commander with intelligence support for his operational planning process and for the ops themselves. He was also in command of the Intelligence Sections at each of the satellite stns.
Units involved:
> RAF history in Lincolnshire
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Key dates of bomber offensives
Aircraft manufacturers in Lincolnshire
The US Air Forces in Lincolnshire
Selected books about Lincolnshire aviation history
History of the RNAS on the Fleet Air Arm Archive
Aquila - Lincolnshire Aviation History
Blackwells Bookshop
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